Macro & sovereign
AAA sovereign; manufacturing slowdown and energy transition weigh on industrial counterparties.
Regulatory environment
BaFin, FIU and Transparenzregister enforcement intensifying; CSRD and Supply Chain Act (LkSG) drive ESG diligence.
Sanctions exposure
Full EU sanctions alignment, with strong export-control enforcement on dual-use goods.
Geopolitical signals
Energy-supply diversification ongoing; significant trade exposure to China and Russia legacy contracts.
Cyber threat landscape
BSI reports rising ransomware and espionage against Mittelstand and critical infrastructure.
Primary sources
Country briefings summarise publicly available indicators and RisQo analyst commentary. Scores are illustrative — request a live report for current, sourced data.